2-22-12 Wednesday

PATH

Reproduction
3 glands for men
prostate
seminal vesicle
bulbourethral (Cowper) gland

Seminiferous tubules: inside testes; sperm is being made

**LH (Luteinizing hormone): from pituitary to produce sperm
FSH: primary pusher of sperm? divide?
p.383

epidiymis: one tube folded many time; sperm mature, holding till ejaculation
sperm: acrosome (helmet)- lysomones? (digestive enzymes) to get into egg
mitochondria- ATP energy to swim
Vas deferens: smooth mm
*seminal vesicle-provide food for sperm
*prostate- marines; alkaline for neutralising acid in vagina
cowper gland: greasing- keep things moving (like goblet cells)

ejaculation: point and shoot- parasympathetic (erection); sympathetic (ejaculation)
corpor cavernosa: blood supply (pinched for erection)
corpus spongiosum: no pinching because stuff still needs to come out (urethra)

Ovaries-eggs
ovarian ligament
fallopian tube- fimbriae (hair like things to catch egg)
cuboidal cells move egg
uterus
cervix; neck b/w vagina and uterus
vagina

Hormones p.388
high FSH, LH (negative feed back)
**first half of cycle is estrogen based
1st part: follicular phase (ovary)
proliferative phase (uterus)
LH spike; folicle pops and get egg out

2nd part: Luteal phase (ovary)- progesterone high
Secretory phase (uterus)- mucus gets sticky

Stuff happens to keep hormones going if egg gets fertalised

Path

Abortion, spontaneous and elective
third of all pregnancy; 50% before even recognised
not anyone's fault: genetics didn't take
risk: smoking, infection, toxins, nutritional, etc
Fibroids: masses growing in uterus
miscarriage usually within 14 weeks
after 20 weeks it is called a still birth
comp: hemorrhage, depression
Tx: TLC

Cervical Cancer
HPV strand 16 and 18
dysplasia- precancerous changes
men are common carriers of HPV
Dx: colposcopy, pap smear

Dysmenorrhea: painful menstrual period
limiting activity, very common
secondary from infection
S&S: ache to cramping
Dx: could be more serious
reduce fats

Endometriosis: endometrial tissue est. elsewhere (tour)
will respond to menstral periods
spread through circulatory and lymph
can lead to infertility
adhere to other areas

Fibroid tumors: aka: leiomyoma- benign tumor in/around uterine wall
small to very large
estrogen stimulates growth

Uterine Cancer: 40yrs plus, average age 60, after/during menopause
too much estrogen is prob
adenocarcinoma=glandular

Breast Cancer
tail of breast goes up to axilla
*1st sings: small painless lump in breast tissue or axilla; asymmetrical
risk of spread
getting older, estrogen, drinking, chest radiation
Tx: surgery and radiation, triple negative?

Ovarian cancer: usually 60 or older

Ovarian Cysts: fluid masses on ovaries
can interfere with ovulation
women still in reproductive phase
aka Stein-leventhal syndrome
may have increase testosterone giving men characteristics

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: swelling of prostate
*Dihydrotestosterone- too much of this

Prostate Cancer: slow growing tumor, all men will get this if they live long enough

Prostatitis: inflammation of prostate

Testicular cancer: up to age 35 and after 60
feels like rice

Menopause: normal stage of life
S&S are worse with depleated adrenals
Massage is great!

Pregnancy

Premenstrual syndrome: pms

STD (STI's)
gonorrhea
clamidia
fungal infection
syphilis- painless white lesions

GOOD LUCK ALL ON THE COMPREHENSIVE FINAL FRIDAY!!!